Are men with diabetes at a higher risk for complications?

Not only do you have to keep blood sugar top of mind when you have diabetes, but you also need to be on guard when it comes to complications. But is everyone’s risk of complications the same? 

A new study published in the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health suggests men with diabetes are at a greater risk for developing health complications than women with diabetes. The researchers studied survey responses from 267,357 people over the age of 45. 

They found that men were 51% more likely to develop cardiovascular disease, 47% more likely to develop foot complications and 55% more likely to develop kidney complications than women. 

Dr. Irfan Khan, an endocrinologist at Advocate Health Care, answers some common questions:

1. What are common diabetes complications?  

Chronically elevated blood sugar, also referred to as chronic hyperglycemia, can lead to numerous health complications, especially among men: 

• Small blood vessel disease, which can cause damage to the eyes (diabetic retinopathy), kidneys (diabetic nephropathy) and nerves (diabetic neuropathy)   
• Large blood vessel disease, which increases the risk of heart attack, stroke and coronary artery disease 
• Peripheral vascular disease, which increases the risk of amputation in severe cases 
• Obesity and chronic inflammation 
• Low testosterone levels and erectile dysfunction 

2. Should men with diabetes be extra cautious about the risk of health complications? 

It’s important for anyone with diabetes to be cautious about health complications. It’s recommended that people with diabetes get an annual dilated eye exam and periodically have their feet examined by their primary care provider, endocrinologist or podiatrist. I recommend applying a hydrating lotion to your feet 3 to 4 times per week after a shower. Men should be especially vigilant about these practices given their increased risk. 

3. What preventive measures can people with diabetes take? 

There are many things that you can do if you’re worried about developing diabetes-related health complications: 

• Actively manage your blood sugar  
• Maintain a healthy weight 
• Do regular cardio and strength workouts  
• Avoid smoking, vaping or excessive alcohol consumption   
• Prioritize good sleep and stress management   
• Eat a diet rich in healthy fats, fruits, vegetables, whole-grains and lean proteins   

4. How can you avoid severe complications?

If you’re noticing any visual disturbances, chest pain, shortness of breath, foamy urine, as well as any skin changes to your feet, such as any calluses, abrasions or wounds, you should contact your health care provider immediately. 

As always, being consistent with your treatment plan, having regular checkups with your doctor and being proactive about any complications that may be brewing are the best ways to tackle them quickly before they progress into something far worse

One way to make diabetes management easier is to see a dedicated virtual primary care provider who will get to know your health history and help develop an individualized treatment plan – all from where it’s most convenient for you.

Take a free online quiz to learn your risk for diabetes or find a virtual primary care provider in Illinois or Wisconsin.