How bad is poor air quality for your heart?

Poor air quality is a health concern for everyone, but the risk is far greater for certain sensitive groups, including the very young and old, pregnant women, and people of all ages with respiratory or heart conditions.

Not only can poor air quality worsen symptoms of existing heart conditions, it can also trigger cardiac events, including heart attacks and stroke. Research funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency points to a correlation between air pollution and the buildup of plaque in the coronary artery, known as atherosclerosis. Over time, that buildup can lead to conditions such as heart attacks, stroke and peripheral artery disease.

“Part of protecting your heart health includes limiting exposure to air pollution and poor air quality as much as possible,” says Dr. Paul Silverman, an interventional cardiologist at Advocate Health Care. “This is one of the steps we can all take to reduce our risk of developing cardiovascular disease or exacerbating existing disease.” 

Dr. Silverman outlines some simple steps you can take to lessen your exposure to harmful levels of air pollution:

• Check the air quality index: Before heading outside, determine the air quality in your local area. Be aware that air quality can change daily, and a high index is possible at any time of year. Air quality levels under 50 are generally safe.
• Choose your activity thoughtfully: Based on air quality, decide if your plans are safe. Spending prolonged time outdoors and exercising outside is not advisable during periods of poor air quality.
• Invest in an air purifier: Purifiers in your home can help keep the air inside cleaner and easier to breathe. Recent research published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology suggests home air purifiers can even help lower high blood pressure.
• Listen to your body: Pay attention to any signs your body may be giving that could signal a stroke, heart attack or other cardiac event. Symptoms include but aren’t limited to chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, severe headache, pain in the arms, jaw, back, neck or stomach, nausea, a cold sweat, lightheadedness and vision problems.

“Connect with your doctor for further guidance when it comes to protecting your heart and overall health when air quality is poor,” Dr. Silverman says

Want to learn more about your risk for heart disease? Take a free online quiz.